{"id":1792,"date":"2024-07-10T15:04:06","date_gmt":"2024-07-10T15:04:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ericclua.com\/?p=1792"},"modified":"2024-07-10T15:04:06","modified_gmt":"2024-07-10T15:04:06","slug":"sous-la-seine-fiction-ou-realite-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ericclua.com\/spanish\/2024\/07\/10\/sous-la-seine-fiction-ou-realite-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00ab\u00a0Sous la Seine\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0: fiction ou r\u00e9alit\u00e9\u00a0?\u00a02"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00ab Sous la Seine \u00bb : fiction ou r\u00e9alit\u00e9 ? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si la question est : le dernier film parth\u00e9nog\u00e9n\u00e9tique de NETFLIX est-il une fiction ou pas ? l\u00e9 r\u00e9ponse est claire : OUI. A ce titre, une fiction peut tout se permettre, y compris de grosses approximations quant \u00e0 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 scientifique du sc\u00e9nario, et ne devrait donc pas cr\u00e9er de pol\u00e9mique. Le Mako g\u00e9ant voyageur n\u2019est pas pire ou meilleur, ou plus plausible, que le Mega gorille qui s\u2019allie \u00e0 la Mega salamandre pour vaincre le mal dans le dernier Godzilla. Sauf qu\u2019on a affaire \u00e0\u2026 un requin ! et que tout devient plus subtil\u2026 Le scenario s\u2019inspire habilement de concepts scientifiques r\u00e9els concernant les requins tels qu\u2019une mutation permettant d\u2019\u00e9voluer en eau douce ou la possibilit\u00e9 de se reproduire par parth\u00e9nog\u00e9n\u00e8se, ou encore le processus conduisant certains individus d\u2019une esp\u00e8ce donn\u00e9e \u00e0 subitement consid\u00e9rer l\u2019humain comme une proie potentielle alors qu\u2019il ne fait pas partie du r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel alimentaire instinctif des requins. Si l\u2019on se confine au domaine de la fiction, pas de soucis : \u00e7\u00e0 fait vrai mais \u00e7\u00e0 ne l\u2019est pas. La facilit\u00e9 eut \u00e9t\u00e9 de choisir un requin bouledogue, une des rares esp\u00e8ces euryhalines, \u00e0 savoir capable d\u2019\u00e9voluer \u00e0 la fois en eau douce et en eau de mer, notamment gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sence de glandes anales permettant de g\u00e9rer l\u2019osmor\u00e9gulation. Ce point est efficacement g\u00e9r\u00e9 par le sc\u00e9nario via une r\u00e9flexion \u00e0 ce propos de la scientifique de service. N\u00e9anmoins, le concept de \u00ab mutation \u00bb tel que sugg\u00e9r\u00e9 par le sc\u00e9nario est hautement improbable. Premi\u00e8rement en raison de l\u2019\u00e9chelle temporelle \u00e0 laquelle une telle mutation se serait produite, de l\u2019ordre de d\u00e9cennies alors qu\u2019en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 \u00e7\u00e0 rel\u00e8verait probablement de milliers voire millions d\u2019ann\u00e9es. Deuxi\u00e8mement parce que l\u2019adaptation \u00e0 l\u2019eau douce ne pourrait se faire que via une confrontation longue et chronique des individus d\u2019une population donn\u00e9e \u00e0 cette nouvelle contrainte environnementale (la diff\u00e9rence de salinit\u00e9) qui pr\u00e9senterait un avantage \u00e9cologique (nouvelle ressource alimentaire pour l\u2019esp\u00e8ce ?) et \u00e0 laquelle, par des mutations plus multiples qu\u2019uniques, certains individus s\u2019adapteraient mieux, petit \u00e0 petit, tout en survivant \u00e0 ces mutations et en se nourrissant mieux\u2026 bref, pour ce faire, il faudrait que le requin Mako fr\u00e9quente assid\u00fbment les estuaires des grands fleuves (comme l\u2019a probablement fait le requin bouledogue, esp\u00e8ce c\u00f4ti\u00e8re, en des temps tr\u00e8s anciens) pour avoir une chance de s\u00e9lectionner les bonnes mutations et au bon endroit. Or le Mako est une esp\u00e8ce \u00ab hyper \u00bb p\u00e9lagique, c\u2019est \u00e0 dire qui vit strictement au large, et ne se balade pratiquement jamais pr\u00e8s des estuaires o\u00f9 se m\u00e9lange l\u2019eau douce \u00e0 l\u2019eau sal\u00e9e de la mer. Pourquoi un Mako se baladant aux abords de radeaux de plastiques en plein oc\u00e9an sal\u00e9 s\u00e9lectionnerait-il une mutation \u00e0 la vie en eau douce ? Impossible. Alors pourquoi ne pas avoir choisi un requin blanc ? le fameux cousin du Mako, auquel, soit dit en passant, le h\u00e9ros animal du film ressemble beaucoup plus, qu\u2019il s\u2019agisse de la forme, couleur de la robe ou encore de la dentition\u2026 Seuls les sc\u00e9naristes (potentiellement mal conseill\u00e9s scientifiquement ?) ont la r\u00e9ponse. Concernant la parth\u00e9nog\u00e9n\u00e8se, rebelote dans le plantage, avec l\u2019apparition de minuscules alevins qui ressemblent plus \u00e0 des \u00e9perlans inoffensifs (la friture qu\u2019on d\u00e9guste \u00e0 l\u2019ap\u00e9ro) que des embryons de futurs requins killers de 3 ou 4 m\u00e8tres qui devraient mesurer plusieurs dizaines de centim\u00e8tres. Personnellement, je craindrais plus une invasion par des tigres du Bengale, certes moins nombreux mais plus inqui\u00e9tants, que des chats siamois de 20cm au garrot\u2026 Conclusion : oui \u00e0 la fiction, non \u00e0 la confusion des genres. Probl\u00e8me : si l\u2019on surfe sur internet pour chercher le film, on tombe sur une pr\u00e9sentation de ce film sur les th\u00e9matiques : \u00ab Action + Thriller \u00bb\u2026 oups : ou est le mot fiction ?<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
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\u00ab Sous la Seine \u00bb : fiction ou r\u00e9alit\u00e9 ?  Si la question est : le dernier film parth\u00e9nog\u00e9n\u00e9tique de NETFLIX est-il une fiction ou pas ? l\u00e9 r\u00e9ponse est claire : OUI. A ce titre, une fiction peut tout se permettre, y compris de grosses approximations quant \u00e0 la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 scientifique du sc\u00e9nario, et ne devrait donc pas […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1694,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1792","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00ab\u00a0Sous la Seine\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0: fiction ou r\u00e9alit\u00e9\u00a0?\u00a02 - Eric Clua - SP<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00ab\u00a0Sous la Seine\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0: fiction ou r\u00e9alit\u00e9\u00a0?\u00a02 - Eric Clua - SP\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00ab Sous la Seine \u00bb : fiction ou r\u00e9alit\u00e9 ?  Si la question est : le dernier film parth\u00e9nog\u00e9n\u00e9tique de NETFLIX est-il une fiction ou pas ? l\u00e9 r\u00e9ponse est claire : OUI. 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